The Arrows Between Cortisol And The Three Core Needs

The arrows between cortisol and the three core needs are shown as a dashed arrow to reflect the negative relationships against fandom/ fanship formation. The solid arrows circulate from output to sporting events participation reveal the impacts of different psychological or behavioral consequences may influence the desire to participate in sporting events, therefore, activate next round of neurochemical release. Hence, the fanatic behavior will be continually reinforced or weakened. For example, a blowout loss to an archrival or a shocking loss to a lower seeded opponent may cause negative emotions such as displeasure, anger and shame, thus trigger cortisol. At that moment, the fan realizes that he cannot satisfy his needs, so he tries to do something to stop the anger. He may avoid discussing the shameful experience with his friends or refuse to read or watch any media coverage of this embarrassing loss (Partridge, Wann, Elison, 2010). If he undergoes this suffering frequently, his fandom identification and spectating motivation will eventually vanish and then he may try to involve in another activity that can trigger his happy chemicals and satisfy his needs. Spectating sporting events does not produce negative outcomes all the time; it actually can trigger another type of chemicals that make sport fans want to maximize their participation. For instance, when a football fan steps into the stadium, the rhythmic swaying of fellow fans or the coordinated exposure of musicShow MoreRelated_x000C_Introduction to Statistics and Data Analysis355457 Words   |  1422 Pagesgraduated from Iowa State University with a major in mathematics and, while acquiring graduate degrees at the University of Iowa, concentrated on statistics, computer programming, psychometrics, and test development. Currently, he divides his duties between teaching and evaluation; in addition to teaching, he is the assessment facilitator for the Cedar Rapids, Iowa, Community Schools. In his spare time he enjoys reading and hiking. He and his wife have a daughter, Anna, who is a graduate student in Civil